Chapter 1 — Understanding ERP

Learn what ERP really means, how it works, and how Indian SMEs can benefit from it without heavy investment.

ERP Dashboard Example

What is ERP?

ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) integrates various departments of a business into one unified platform, making operations smoother and decision-making faster.

ERP Flow Diagram
Story — Ramesh's Turning Point

Ramesh, owner of a small fabrication unit, struggled with paperwork and Excel chaos. When one big order failed due to a missing stock update, he realized he needed a central system — and that’s where ERP changed everything.

How ERP Works

ERP acts as the brain of a company. When Sales creates an order, Store updates inventory, Production gets a job card, Accounts raises an invoice, and dashboards update — all automatically in real time.

Key ERP Modules

ERP Modules Overview

Practical Example — Order Flow

  1. Sales receives an order → creates Sales Order in ERP.
  2. ERP checks stock → auto-generates Purchase Request if required.
  3. Store issues materials to Production → stock auto-updates.
  4. Production completes job → triggers QC and Dispatch.
  5. Accounts auto-generates invoice and updates ledgers.

Try This — SME Readiness Checklist

// Example: simple mapping
Inquiry → Quotation → Sales Order → Material Check → Production → QA → Dispatch → Invoice → Payment
// ERP removes manual entries and improves visibility at each step.

Key Takeaways